The universe is a vast place and cannot be written just in one part, no matter how many parts we write you describe the whole universe. Our universe began with an explosion of space itself - the Big Bang. Starting from extremely high density and temperature, space expanded, the universe cooled, and the simplest elements formed. Gravity gradually drew matter together to form the first stars and the first galaxies. The Big Bang Theory is the leading explanation of how the universe began. At its simplest, it says the universe as we know it started with an infinitely hot, infinitely dense singularity, then inflated — first at unimaginable speed, and then at a more measurable rate — over the next 13.8 billion years to the cosmos that we know today. Working backward from the current state of the Universe, scientists have theorized that it must have originated at a single point of infinite density and finite time that began to expand.
After the initial expansion, the theory maintains that Universe cooled sufficiently to allow the formation of subatomic particles and later simple atoms. Giant clouds of these primordial elements later coalesced through gravity to form stars and galaxies.
This all began roughly 13.8 billion years ago and is thus considered to be the age of the universe. Through the testing of theoretical principles, experiments involving particle accelerators and high-energy states, and astronomical studies that have observed the deep universe, scientists have constructed a timeline of events that began with the Big Bang and has led to the current state of cosmic evolution.
The Big Bang Theory are a scientist’s best guess about how the universe began. It is the idea that the universe began as just a single point, then expanded and stretched to grow as large as it is right now—and it is still stretching! The end result is unknown; a simple estimation would have all the matter and space-time in the universe collapse into a dimensionless singularity back into how the universe started with the Big Bang, but at these scales, unknown quantum effects need to be considered.
The Big Bang theory is important for us to understand because it lays out a framework explaining how the universe was created and breaks down the timeline in which things were created and formed. We are able to see evidence of this theory as technology is constantly advancing and improving.
Written by: Kaavya Bhardwaj, Aditi Vivek, and Nia Shukla
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